Tuesday, April 29, 2008

Templates To Build A Spaghetti Bridge

colliding galaxies from the Hubble


"Fifty-nine new images of interacting galaxies make up the largest collection of images provided by Hubble. These galaxies are found throughout the Universe, sometimes dramatic events occur as collisions that cause bursts of star formation, on other occasions with stealthy mergers give rise to new galaxies.

Merging Galaxies were more common in the early universe at present, it is believed that these are one of the main driving forces for cosmic evolution. Even apparently isolated galaxies show signs in their internal structure having suffered one or more mergers in their past.

Our own Milky Way contains the rubble of many smaller galaxies it has encountered and devoured in the past, and is currently absorbing the Sagittarius galaxy. In turn, it seems as if our Milky Way joins giant neighbor, the Andromeda galaxy.

Part of galaxies included by Hubble are part of The Atlas of Galaxies, a remarkable catalog produced by the astronomer Halton Arp in the mid 1960's that built on work by BA Vorontsov-Velyaminov 1959. Today, the peculiar structures seen by Arp and others are understood as the result of complex gravitational interactions. "

pictures and detailed information:
http://www.spacetelescope.org

Monday, April 28, 2008

Canadian Commercial Rabbit Cages

18 years of Hubble Space Telescope (1)

Top 20 pictures taken from the Hubble Space Telescope. Black holes, colliding galaxies, comets, moons, star birth, quasars, asteroids maps, planetary systems and galaxies more than 13 billion light years, are part of the observed from the Hubble at 18.

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST by the acronym in English) is a robotic telescope located at the outer edges of the atmosphere, in a circular orbit around the Earth at 593 km above sea level, with an orbital period between 96 and 97 min. Thus named in honor of Edwin Hubble , was launched on April 24, 1990 as a joint project of NASA and ESA inaugurating the Great Observatories program. The advantage of having a telescope above the atmosphere is that it can eliminate the effects of atmospheric turbulence, being unable to obtain further information from light.



galaxy M74


The new Hubble image of the galaxy M74 we can also see bright pink sections in the regions decorating the spiral arms. The arms are are huge, relatively short-lived, and the clouds of glowing hydrogen gas due to strong heat radiation from young stars embedded within the arms, represents the bright pink regions of ionized hydrogen (hydrogen that has lost its electrons). These regions of star formation show an excess of light at ultraviolet wavelengths and astronomers call HII regions.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage (STScI / AURA) Collaboration -ESA/Hubble


star clusters



stars forming region NGC 3603, seen here, contains one of the most impressive massive young star clusters in the Milky Way. Bathed in gas and dust formed group is growing fast does a million years ago. The extremely hot blue stars in the center, are responsible for carving a huge cavity in the gas seen to the right of the cluster NGC 3603.

Credit: NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage (STScI / AURA) Collaboration -ESA/Hubble


massive star birth

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view of the Carina Nebula, which shows starlight to a new level of detail. The beautiful landscape of the nebula is sculpted by the action of winds and ultraviolet radiation product of power of the stars that inhabit this inferno. In the process, the crushed material of star-like track and tag-revolves around the stars that were born.

The immense nebula is estimated to encuantra to 7500 light years away in the southern constellation Carina the Keel (of the old southern constellation Argo Navis, the ship of Jason and the Argonauts, mythology Greek).

This image is a mosaic of the Carina Nebula assembled from 48 frames taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys of opinion. Were taken in the light of ionized hydrogen. Color information was added with data taken at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Red corresponds to sulfur, green to hydrogen, and blue to oxygen emission.

Credit: NASA, ESA, N. Smith (University of California, Berkeley), and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI / AURA)


Stellar Nursery in the arms of NGC 1672

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barred spiral galaxy NGC 1672, there are groups of young stars and hot blue stars along its spiral arms, and clouds hydrogen gas glowing in red. Delicate curtains of dust partially obscure and the light from stars behind them. NGC 1672's symmetric look is highlighted by the four major weapons, striking the edge of the dust lanes that extend away from the center.

Credit: NASA, ESA


disk galaxy NGC 5866


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view of the disk galaxy NGC 5866 tilted nearly edge to our line of sight. Hubble view reveals a crisp dust lane dividing the galaxy into two halves. The image highlights the estgructura of the galaxy: a thin bright red bump around a nucleus, a blue disk of stars running parallel to the track of dust, and a transparent outer halo.

Some trails of dust and some meandering away from the disk of the galaxy can be observed. The outer halo is dotted with numerous groups gravitational ruling nearly a million stars, known as globular clusters.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)


Galaxies making love

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This Hubble image of the Antennae galaxies is the merger of two galaxies. When two galaxies merge, born billions of stars, mostly in groups and clusters of stars. The brightest and most compact of these are called super star clusters.

Credit: Credit: NASA ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA) -ESA/Hubble Collaboration. Acknowledgement: B. Whitmore (Space Telescope Science Institute) and James Long (ESA / Hubble).


About dust clouds in the Milky Way

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Hubble Space Telescope has photographed dense knots of clouds dust and gas in our Milky Way Galaxy. This cosmic dust, however, is not a nuisance. It is a concentration of elements that are responsible for the formation of stars in our galaxy and throughout the universe.

These opaque knots of gas and dust called Bok globules, and are absorbing light in the center of the nebula closer. The globules are named after astronomer Bart Bok, who proposed its existence in 1940.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)
Acknowledgment: P. McCullough (STScI)


Starburst Galaxy, Messier 82

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This mosaic of images the magnificent starburst galaxy, Messier 82 (M82) is a wide-angle point ever achieved. It is a remarkable galaxy through their networks of shredded clouds and resplenador-like plumes, bright explosions of hydrogen from its central regions where young stars are born 10 times faster than our Milky Way Galaxy.

Credit: NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA). Acknowledgment: J. Gallagher (University of Wisconsin), M. Mountain (STScI) and P. Puxley (NSF).


Pinwheel Galaxy

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This new Hubble image reveals the gigantic Pinwheel Galaxy, one of the best known examples of "large loop project, and its region of formation of giant stars in detail. The image is the largest and most detailed photo of a spiral galaxy taken with Hubble.

Credit: Image: European Space Agency and NASA



Orion Nebula


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This dramatic image offers a peek inside a cavern of gas and dust where thousands of stars are forming. More than 3000 stars of various sizes appear in this picture. Some of them had never been seen. The Orion Nebula is a picture book of star formation.

The Orion Nebula is 1500 light years away, is the closest star formation to Earth. Astronomers used 520 images, taken in five colors, to make this picture. He also added ground-based photos to fill in the nebula. The ACS mosaic covers approximately the apparent angular size of the full moon. Taken between 2004 and 2005.

Credit: NASA, ESA, M. Robberto (Space Telescope Science Institute / ESA) and Hubble Space Telescope Orion Treasury Project Team

Why Would Bilirubin Be High

18 years of Hubble Space Telescope (2) vertical city


This Hubble image shows the most detailed view of the Crab Nebula to date. The Crab is arguably the most interesting object, and one of the most studied, in all of astronomy.

The Crab Nebula is one of the objects observed more closely structured and highly dynamic. This Hubble image of the Crab was assembled from 24 individual exposures taken with the NASA / ESA Hubble Space Telescope.

Credit: NASA, ESA and Allison Loll / Jeff Hester, Davide De Martin (ESA / Hubble)


star sculptures

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This Hubble Space Telescope image shows a view of the most dynamic and intricate parts of stars in space, located 210,000 years light away in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way. In the center of the region is a brilliant star cluster called NGC 346. A dramatic structure of arc, with a peak torn filaments surrounding the group.

A torrent of radiation from hot stars in the cluster NGC 346 in the center of this picture, the densest areas around you destroy, creating a fantasy sculpture of dust and gas. The dark, intricate ridge crest, generates a particularly dramatic silhouette. It contains several small dust globules that point toward the central group, like windsocks caught in a gale.

Credit: NASA, ESA and A. Note (ESA / STScI, STScI / AURA)


cosmic dust under the bed


As the dust " bunnies "under beds, surprisingly complex loops spots and cosmic dust lie hidden in the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 1316. This image from data obtained with the NASA / ESA Hubble Space Telescope reveals the dust roads and star clusters of this giant galaxy that give evidence that is formed from a past merger of two gas rich galaxies.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)


Whirlpool Galaxy (M51)


The elegant and majestic winding arms of the spiral galaxy M51 (NGC 5194) appear as a large spiral staircase through space. Although they are actually long lanes of stars and gas with dust.

This image, taken in January 2005 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys of opinion on board the NASA / ESA Hubble Space Telescope, illustrates a spiral galaxy's grand design, curve from its spiral arms, where young stars reside, to its yellowish central core, a home of older stars. The galaxy is nicknamed the Whirlpool because of its swirling structure.

The Whirlpool of the most striking feature is its turn two weapons, a feature called great design spiral galaxies. Many spiral galaxies possess numerous, loosely shaped arms which make their spiral structure less pronounced. These arms serve an important purpose in spiral galaxies, stars are factories, compressing hydrogen gas and the creation of groups of new stars. In Whirlpool, the line assembly begins with the dark clouds of gas on the inner edge, then moves to bright pink star-forming regions, and ends with the brilliant blue star clusters along the outer edge.


Credit: NASA, ESA, S. Beckwith (STScI), and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)


the Eagle Nebula

Appearing
like a winged creature on a pedestal, this object is actually a tower of cold gas and dust rising from a stellar nursery called the Eagle Nebula. The tower stands at 9.5 light years or about 90 trillion miles high, almost twice the distance from our Sun to the next nearest star.

Stars in the Eagle Nebula are born in clouds of cold hydrogen gas that reside in chaotic neighborhoods, where energy from young stars sculpts that fantastic way. The tower may be a giant nursery for newborn stars. A torrent of ultraviolet light from a huge band, hot, new stars.

The dominant colors in the image were produced by gas energized by the star of the powerful group of ultraviolet light. Color blue at the top oxygen is bright. The red in the lower colon is glowing hydrogen. The Eagle Nebula image was taken in November 2004 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys of opinion on board the NASA / ESA Hubble Space Telescope.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)


light echo of V838 Mon

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Hubble Space Telescope's latest image of the star V838 Monocerotis (V838 Mon) reveals dramatic changes in the illumination of the dust cloud surrounding structures. The effect, called a light echo, has been unveiling never-before-seen dust patterns ever since the star suddenly brightened for several weeks in early 2002.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA / STScI)


the barred spiral galaxy NGC 1300


The Hubble telescope captured a sample of stars glowing gas and dark clouds of interstellar dust in this image of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 1300. NGC 1300 is considered foreign to the prototype of spiral galaxies. Barred spiral galaxies differ from normal spiral in the arms of spiral galaxy not go to the center, but connected to the two ends of a straight bar of stars containing the nucleus at its center.

Credit: NASA, ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team STScI / AURA)


Symphony of colors in the Tarantula

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The Tarantula is situated to 170000 light years away in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) in the southern sky and is clearly visible to the naked eye as a large milky patch. Astronomers believe that this small irregular galaxy is undergoing a period of violence. Is in orbit around the Milky Way and has had several close encounters with her. It is believed that interaction with the Milky Way has caused an episode of energetic star formation - part of which is visible as the Tarantula Nebula.

Just above the center of the image there is a huge group of very hot stars called R136. The stars in R136 are also among the most massive stars we know. R136 is also a very young group, the oldest stars have 5 million or so years. Its smaller stars, however, are still forming, so astronomers observe R136 to try to understand the early stages of stellar evolution.

This mosaic of the Tarantula Nebula was conducted in 15 individual exposures taken through three filters that can narrow the light of ionized oxygen (501 nm, as shown in blue), hydrogen-alpha (656 nm, as shown in green) and ionized sulfur (672 nm, as shown in red). The exposure time for the WFPC2 images individual range between 800 and 2800 seconds in each filter.

Credit: ESA / NASA, ESO and Danny LaCrue


studies of star formation

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captures the iridescent tapestry
of star birth in a neighbor in this galaxy. The view includes glowing gas, dark dust clouds and hot young stars newborn. The star-forming region, designated as N11B lies in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), located 160,000 light-years from Earth.

Great Nube de Magallanes (LMC) se encuentra en la constelación de Dorado y se rocía con un número de regiones de en curso de formación estelar. Una de estas estrellas que forman la región, N11B, se muestra en esta imagen de Hubble. Se trata de una subregión dentro de un área más grande de formación estelar llamada N11. N11 es la segunda más grande de estrellas que forman la región en LMC. Es sólo superado por el tamaño y la actividad de 'el rey de los viveros estelares', 30 Doradus, ubicada en el lado opuesto de LMC.

Crédito: NASA / ESA y el Hubble Heritage Team (AURA / STScI / HEIC

10000 galaxies


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Among nearly 10000 galaxies, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, is a representation of "deep" of the universe, cutting across thousands of million light years. The image includes galaxies of various ages, sizes, shapes and colors. The smallest may be one of the most distant galaxies known, from when the universe was only 800 million years. The nearest galaxy - the biggest, brightest, well defined and elliptical spiral comes from 1000 million years ago.

In vibrant contrast to the rich harvest of classic spiral and elliptical galaxies, there is a zoo of oddball galaxies trash on the ground. Some seem to toothpicks, others like links on a bracelet. Few seem to be interacting. These oddball galaxies chronicle a period when the universe was younger and more chaotic. The order and structure were beginning to emerge.

The image required 800 exposures over the course of 400 Hubble orbits around Earth. The total exposure time was 11.3 days, taken between September 24, 2003 and January 16, 2004.

Credit: NASA, ESA, S. Beckwith and (STScI) and HUDF Team


photos and text (in English)
taken from: space telescope

Wednesday, April 9, 2008

Mexican Cheese Enchiladas




read in Urbanity Popularchitecture the study recently submitted a proposal that proposes the construction of a great tower of up to 1500 meters (New Town Tower) at some point in the central London area.



"The architects of Popularchitecture posed not use the typical model of building in the satellite cities, generating a huge dependence on public or private transportation, which incidentally, is one of the main sources of emissions and consumption of energy resources. His model of vertical city would be able to absorb the anticipated demand for the next 8 years, creating many public spaces in addition to different heights. "



the end, Pedrillo of Urbanity, raises the sigueintes: "It is clear that such an approach would raise the other hand a number of problems with concentration, vertical transportation and other needs and challenges, but the debate is on the table. Are you closer to cities vertical to be a reality if ever be feasible? "

Sunday, April 6, 2008

Vespa Red Gran Turismo Helmet

Free Software (open source)

Templates For Seating Charts For A Wedding

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" The roof garden is a curb environmental pollution, climate change and energy savings, as well as the revaluation of the housing, said Tanya Müller, Director of Urban Reforestation, Ciclovías Parks and Federal District Government.

Virtually any concrete property can support a weight of 100 kilograms per square meter, enough to create a vault basic green, she explained. According to Müller

in the market there are different types of roofs, but most commercial will cost about one thousand 200 pesos per square meter and include everything from the preparation, sealing, and placement of plants or the greenhouse itself.

"This cover has the advantage that they can grow some vegetables, which is important for subsistence."

People can green their roofs with pots or prefabricated systems that are already, but if you want to do a comprehensive mechanism then need to go to specialists, as, for example, include a hot melt sealant to require a adviser, said.

The economic benefits of this method are related to the reduced maintenance of the roofs, as they typically require a waterproof cover every three to five years and the naturation that expense is eliminated.

For example, in Germany there are ceilings with this system who are 80 years and from its placement not given maintenance.

In very warm areas, reducing the cost of air conditioning is 40% using green technology. According

Müller, international studies show that homes with roofs greened up in value 15%, which speaks of a very noble.

news / finance / the universal

green roofs / bio / terra

economic and environmental benefits of green roofs

guidelines for sustainable architecture / (slide)